What is the recommended method for controlling floating and emergent weeds in static water?

The recommended method for controlling floating and emergent weeds in static water is through direct sprays on foliage. This method is particularly effective because it allows for targeted application of herbicides to the leaves and stems of the plants that are actively growing. By spraying directly onto the foliage, the herbicide can be quickly absorbed by the plants, leading to more efficient control of the weeds.

Direct sprays are advantageous in that they limit the exposure of non-target organisms to the chemicals being used, as the application is focused precisely where it is needed. Additionally, this method helps to avoid potential issues linked to chemical runoff or unintended distribution in the water column, which can arise with certain other application techniques.

The other methods mentioned, such as subsurface injections or granular application, may not be as effective for floating and emergent species, as they target different types of aquatic vegetation or address weed control from the bottom up rather than the top down. Mechanical removal is also a valid method but can be labor-intensive and may not be suitable in all situations, especially for densely infested areas where chemical control provides a more immediate and efficient solution.