What can improper application of herbicides lead to?

Improper application of herbicides can have significant environmental impacts, one of which is the depletion of oxygen concentrations in aquatic systems. When herbicides are applied incorrectly, it often leads to the excessive die-off of aquatic plants. This process, referred to as an algal bloom followed by a die-off, can result in large amounts of organic matter decomposing in the water.

As this organic matter breaks down, it considerably increases the demand for oxygen in the water, as bacteria and other microorganisms that facilitate decomposition consume oxygen during the process. This depletion of oxygen can lead to hypoxic conditions, which are detrimental to aquatic life, especially fish and other organisms that rely on oxygenated water for survival.

Decreased oxygen levels can create "dead zones" where aquatic life cannot survive, leading to a reduction in fish populations. Additionally, while some might think that herbicide application could increase certain undesired plant growth in different contexts, in the aquatic environment, it primarily disrupts the ecosystem balance, contributing to the issues mentioned. Therefore, understanding the implications of herbicide misuse emphasizes the need for proper application techniques to protect aquatic ecosystems.